The presence of volatiles, such as water on the Moon is highly improbable if the Moon did undergo a giant impact event.
When comparing basalts, the Moon’s volatile content is more similar to the howardite-eucrite-diogenite (HED) class of asteroids than it is to Earth’s mantle.
Heavy isotopes found on the Moon imply a history of evaporation, consistent with environments hypothesized for a giant impact.
The oxygen isotopic compositions on the Moon and in the Earth’s mantle are very similar
In order for the Moon to be isotopically similar to Earth after a giant impact, the Moon would have had to retain the majority of its original material during the impact event.
Simulations show that the angular momentum of the Earth-Moon system can be generated by a giant impact.
Angular momentum of the Earth-Moon System can be adequately explained by alternative theories.